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Winter fire safety common sense to learn! Preventing from "burning"!
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Winter fire safety common sense to learn! Preventing from "burning"!
Thedrynessofthesky,carefulfire,thewisdomoftheancientstellsusthatthemostimportantthingtoignoreinthewinterisfiresafety.Thenextfiresafetyknowledge,wemusttakeagoodlook!HouseholdappliancesarefaultyandcausefireWhenusingappliancessuchasinductioncookers,electricblankets,andelectricirons,itisnecessarytoavoidfirescausedbydamagetothewirescausedbyagingofthelinesandfrequenthandling.LitteringcigarettescancausefireDonotthrowcigarettebuttsandmatchsticksinthewastepaperbasketorcombustibles.Donotsmokeinbedoronthesofa.Fireworksandfirecrackerscancausefires
These years your fire knowledge blind spot!
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These years your fire knowledge blind spot!
Inrecentyears,thefiredepartmenthasorganizedalotofpublicitytrainingfordifferentobjectsinvariousindustries.However,duringthetrainingprocess,manypeoplestillhavemanymisunderstandingsaboutfireprotectionknowledge.Let'scrackitwithXiaoxiao!Misunderstanding1:Somepeoplethinkthatthealarmorthefiretruckischarged.Xiaoxiaoreminder:Ifyouhaveafire,pleasecallthe“119”firealarm.Thefiredepartmentwillnotchargeforthepolice.Misunderstanding2:Somepeoplewhohaveafiretaketheirownfirstsave,thereisnowaytoputoutthefiretoreportthefire.Xiaoxiaoreminder:Oncethefireisdiscovered,itisnecessarytocallthepoliceatthefirsttime.Myth3:Somepeoplethinkthatyoucan'tshakeupanddownbeforeusingadrypowderfireextinguisher,otherwisethefireextinguisherwillexplode.Xiaoxiaoreminder:Normaldrypowderfireextinguishercanbeshakenbeforeuse,sothatthedrypowderinthecylindercanbeloosenedandeasilysprayedout.Theexpiredfireextinguishercylinderwillbethinnedbycorrosion,andafterasunexposure,aslightbumpmaycauseanexplosion.Myth4:Somepeoplethinkthatwhenusingafireextinguisher,itcanbepointedtotheoutsideorthemiddleoftheflame.Tip:Pleasepointthefireextinguisherattherootoftheflametoextinguishthefire.Otherwise,itwillonlywastetherescuetimeandfireextinguisher.Myth5:Escapetheelevatorfasterintheeventofafire.Asmallreminder:intheeventofafire,therewillbeapoweroutage,suchaspeoplewhoaretrappedintheelevatorwillbetrapped.Pleaseevacuatefromthestairs.
Talking about the False Reporting Phenomenon and Improvement Method of Fire Detector
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Talking about the False Reporting Phenomenon and Improvement Method of Fire Detector
First,theworkingprincipleoffiredetector Firedetectorsareanimportantpartofthebuildingfirealarmsystem,alsoknownasprobesorsensitiveheads.Itsmissionistodetecttheoccurrenceofafire,sendafiresignaltothealarmsystem,andalertpeople.Howdoesthedetectordetectthefire?Whenafireoccurs,smoke,flameorhightemperaturewillinevitablyoccur.Thedetectorissensitivetothese.Itwillchangethenormalstateduetocontactwiththem,causingchangesordisplacementsofcurrent,voltageormechanicalparts.Duringthetransmissionprocess,afiresignalissenttothefirecontrolroom,andthelocationandlocationofthefirearedisplayed.Accordingtothissituation,weclassifyfiredetectorsintothreecategories:smoke,temperature,andlight.  1,smokedetector Oneisanionizedsmokedetectorthatinterfereswiththenormaloperationofchargedparticles,causescurrentandvoltagechanges,anddestroysthebalancebetweentheinternalandexternalionizationchambers.Thesensorgeneratesanalarmsignal;theotherisaphoto-sensingdetector,whichhasalight-emittingelementandalight-sensitiveelement.Thelightnormallyemittedbythelight-emittingelementisincidentonthephotosensitiveelementthroughthelens,andthecircuitremainsnormal,ifsmokeispresent.Blocking,thelightreachingthephotosensitiveelementissignificantlyweakened,sothephotosensitiveelementconvertsthechangeofthelightintensityintoachangeofthecurrent,andsendsanalarmsignalthroughtheamplifyingcircuit;andtheotherisapipe-suckingsmokedetector,passingthesmokeThereflectionorscatteringactionproducesaphoto-sensitivecurrentthatisprimarilyusedonships.Thiskindofdetectorusessemiconductorcomponents,whichissmallinsize,lowinprice,stronginshockresistanceandlonginlife.Ithasgreatdevelopmentprospects.  2,temperaturedetectorOneistheuseofmetalthermalexpansionandcontractioncharacteristics:undernormalcircumstances,thedetectorcircuitisinanopenstate,whentheambienttemperaturerisestoacertainvalue,themetalexpandsandextendstomakethecircuitconnected,signaling;Thekindusesacharacteristicoffusiblemetaltofixalow-meltingpointalloyinthedetectorcircuit.Whenthetemperaturerisestoitsmeltingpoint,themetalmelts,andthecontactforceismadebytheforceofthespring,thecircuitisconnected,andanalarmisissued.signal.Thereisalsoatemperaturedifferencetypethatsensesanalarmwhentherateoftemperatureriseexceedsacertainvalue.  3,opticalradiationdetectorOneisaninfraredlightradiationdetector.Whenthesubstanceisburning,itwillproduceflickeringinfraredradiation.Theleadsulfideinfraredphotosensitiveelementinthedetectorwillsensethisandgenerateanelectricsignal,whichwillbealarmedafteramplification.Theotheristheultravioletradiationdetector,whichisutilized.Theultravioletlightgeneratedwhentheorganiccompoundisburnedcausestheelectrodeoftheultravioletlightsensitivetubetoexciteions,andthecircuitisalarmedbyarelayorthelike.  Second,thetechnicalstatusanddevelopmentoffiredetectionsystems 1.StatusoftechnologySincethereformandopeningup,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomicconstructionandfireprotection,China'sfireprotectionindustryhasenteredaperiodofvigorousdevelopment.China'sfire-fightingelectronicsindustryispartofChina'sfireprotectionindustry,anditisalsoapartofthehighertechnologygoldcontent,anditisalsothefastest-growingpart.Thegeneral-purposegeneralfirealarmequipmentcanbeproducedinternationally.Facingthedevelopmentopportunitiesofhightechnologyandtheinternationalcompetitioninthedomesticmarket,fireprotectionproductshavedevelopedintomorereliable,intelligentandnetworkedearlyfiredetectionandalarmtechnologies.Thefirstdifferencebetweenthetraditionalfirealarmsystemandthemodernfirealarmsystemismainlytheperformanceofthedetectoritself.Theswitchdetectorischangedtoaqualitativeleapontheanalogsensor,andthesmokeconcentration,therisingrateorothersensingparametersaretransmittedtothecontrollerinanalogvalues,sothatthesystemdeterminesthatthedataprocessingcapabilityandthedegreeofintelligenceofthefirearegreatlyincreased.Reducetheprobabilityoffalsealarms.Theseconddifferenceisthatthesignalprocessingmethodhasbeencompletelyimproved,thatis,theanalogsignalinthedetectoriscontinuouslysenttothecontrollerforevaluationorjudgment,andthecontrollerusesanappropriatealgorithmtoidentifythefalseorrealfirealarm,judgethedegreeofdevelopmentanddetectthestateofcontamination.Thishigherqualitysignalprocessingtechnologymeansthatthesystemhasahigher"intelligence".Increasingsystemreliabilityisthedevelopmentdirectionofmodernfiredetectionandalarmtechnology.Intelligentfiredetectionandalarmsystemcanbedividedintothreetypesaccordingtoitsintelligentdistribution:detectionintelligence,second,monitoringintelligence,andthird,detectionintelligenceandcontrolintelligence.Thelatterisamoreintelligentsystemwithhigherreliability,butthedisadvantageishighcost.  2.DevelopmentprospectsTheexpectationfortheautomaticfirealarmsystemisthatitfirstrequiresthesystemtodetectthefireearly,andsecondlyeliminatesthefalsealarmandlowersthecostofthesystem.Thefireintelligentalarmsystemmayeventuallydeveloparoboticintelligentalarmsystem.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernfirealarmsystemsontheotherhandistheemergenceofcompositedetectorsandavarietyofnewdetectors,andthedetection
Several ways to save fire from live equipment with water
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Several ways to save fire from live equipment with water
Withtheincreasinglivingstandardsofourpeople,theelectricityconsumptioninurbanandruralareashasincreasedsharplyinrecentyears.Thefirescausedbyelectricalequipmentorlinesarefrequent,especiallyinthenortheasternregion.Duetothelowtemperature,theuseofelectricalproductsforheatingiscaused.Thelineisoverloadedortheuseofelectricalappliancesisnumbtoforgettoturnofftheswitchintimetocatchfire.Thewatercanconductelectricity,andthewatercolumnoftheDCwatergunisusedtosavethefireoftheelectricalequipmentthatischarged,whichisharmfultothebodyofthefireextinguisher.Therefore,inthecaseofequipmentcharginginthefirefighting,wegenerallyhavetocutoffthepowersupplybeforeproceedingtosave.However,whenitisimpossibletocutoffthepowersupplyduetoproductionorotherreasons,itisnecessarytoelectrifythefire.Whenwaterisusedtoextinguishthefire,thechargedbodyandthejettedwatercolumn,thewatergun,thehumanbodyandthegroundwillformacurrentloop.Thecurrentpassingthroughthisloophasadirectimpactonthesafetyofthehumanbody.Ifwedirectlyintroducethecurrentobtainedfromthewatercolumnandthewatergunintotheearthandthebodyisinsulatedandprotected,thesafetyofthefirefightingpersonnelcanbeguaranteed.Thefollowingdescribesseveralmethodsofusingwatertoextinguishfire. First,installthegroundingwireonthemetalwatergunnozzleThegroundingwirecanbeacopperstrandedwirewithasectionof5-10mm2andalengthof1mormore.Thegroundingrodcanbeusedwithmorethan1m,50mmdiametersteelpipeor50×50mmanglesteel,andtherescuepersonnelwearinsulatedglovesandinsulatingrubberboots.Beforethefireextinguishing,thewatergunnershouldfirmlyconnectoneendofthegroundingwiretothemetalwatergunnozzle,theotherendtothegroundingrod,andthegroundingrodintotheground.About5meters,andpoursaltwaterorordinarywateratthegroundrod.Ifthegroundingwireisconnectedtoothergroundingdevices,itisrequiredtohavegoodcontact.Whenholdingthewatergun,thepositionofthehandmustbeplacedbehindthegroundingwire,selectthedistancefromthechargedbody,andthenshootthewater. Second,wearinsulatedgloves,insulatedbootsWearinsulatedglovesandinsulatedbootstoextinguishthelivefire.Usethemostexperiencedwatergunnerstomaximizethedistancebetweenthewatergunnozzleandthechargedbody.Takeeffectivemeasurestopreventwaterdropletsfromflowingintotheglovesandrubberboots.Onthefront,facingthefiresource,themethodofspottingmakesthewaterdroponthefiresource.Undernormalcircumstances,itisbestnottouseafullwatercolumndirectlytothefiresourcetopreventtheriskofelectricshock Third,wearuniformpressureclothingTherearetwokindsofpressureequalizingclothescurrentlyused:oneismadeofcottonfiberoranimalfiberandcopperwire,whichismadeofwarpandweftinterwovencloth,andtheotherismadeofcopperorsilverplatedwithcottoncloth.Thesetwopressureequalizationsareappliedtocottonorcottonbristlesandcontainlargemetallicconductors.Thepressureequalizinggarmentmadeofthismaterialincludes:ahat,aglove,agarment,asock,ashoeupper,etc.,andthesoleismadeofaconductiverubber.Whenwearingthepressureequalizingsuit,besuretofastenthesnapsbetweentheclothes,gloves,socksandrubbershoes,twistthecopperwiresbetweenthemtoformagoodgroundingwire,andthenselectaccordingtothevoltage.Shootingwaterdistance,usingametalwaterguntoshootwatertosave. Fourth,theuseofspraywaterUseaspraygunorinstallatwo-stagecentrifugalsprayheadonthemuzzleoftheDCwaterguntobecomeatwo-stagecentrifugalspraygun.Thewaterjetfromthiswatergunhasagooddegreeofatomizationandisalmostnon-conductive.Experimentshaveshownthatwhenthenozzleofthewatergunis5metersawayfromthe127kVchargedbodyandissubjectedtoelectrifiedfireextinguishingunder7kgofwaterpressurepersquarecentimeter,thereisnoleakageflow,andtherangecanreach8-9meters.Whenusingthissprayguntocarryoutelectricfireextinguishing,thewaterguncanbedirectlygroundedandextinguishedwithoutgrounding.However,accordingtothevoltagesize,thesafedistancefromthechargedbodyshouldbeselected.Thepumppressureofthefiretruckshouldbekeptat0.5-0.7Mpa,andthesprayedwatersprayedoutofthewaterguncanbefiredtothechargedbodytosavethefire. V.Specificmeasuresforelectrifiedfireextinguishing1.DeterminethevoltageofthechargedequipmentandlineThefirecommandershouldcontactthepersoninchargeoftheunitortheelectriciantofindoutthevoltageofthefireequipmentandtheline,determinetheminimumsafedistancetobemaintained,andthenorganizethefire.Forpowersupplieswithvoltagesbelow250V,wearinsulatedglovesandcutthewireswithinsulatedshears.Afterconsultingthedata,theminimumsafedistancethatthehumanbodyandthechargedequipmentandlinesmustmaintainare:110kVisgreaterthan1m;220kVisgreaterthan1.8m;and330kVisgreaterthan2.4m.2.UseagasordrypowderfireextinguishertoextinguishthefireForsmall-scale,small-scaleliveequipmentorlinefires,usecarbondioxide,1211,FM200ordrypowderfireextinguisherstodirectlyfirethefire.Inviewofthecomplexfiresituation,inordertoensuresafety,thehumanbodyandfireextinguishersmustbekeptawayfromliveequipmentandwiringtopreventstrikingvoltageorreachingthedischargegapandcausingelectricshockandcasualties.3,enablefixedfireextinguishingdevicetoextinguishTherearethreemaintypesoffixedfireextinguishingdevicesinstalledinelectricpowerfacilities:steam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